Thyroid Nodules

What are thyroid nodules?

Thyroid nodules are abnormal lumps that grow on the thyroid gland. Located in your neck, the thyroid gland is part of your endocrine system and makes hormones that control your metabolism, heart rate, blood pressure, and mood.

Thyroid nodules are common and rarely a sign of thyroid cancer. However, you shouldn’t ignore any unusual lump or bump. 

What are the types of thyroid nodules?

Valdosta Specialty Clinic classifies thyroid nodules into types based on the cause of the growth. These types include:

Colloid nodules

Colloid nodules are an overgrowth of thyroid tissue that is benign but can grow large.

Cystic thyroid nodules

Cystic thyroid nodules are filled with fluid or semi-solid matter. Though they are at low risk for thyroid cancer, they need regular monitoring.

Inflammatory nodules

You may develop inflammatory thyroid nodules if you have chronic swelling in the thyroid gland.

Multinodular goiter

A goiter is an enlarged thyroid, which can occur because you have multiple benign thyroid nodules — multinodular goiter.

Hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules

Hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules increase the production of thyroid hormones, causing hyperthyroidism.

Thyroid cancer

Though rare, thyroid nodules are a symptom of thyroid cancer.

The type of thyroid nodule you have determines your treatment needs. 

What are the symptoms of thyroid nodules?

In most cases, thyroid nodules cause no symptoms. However, multiple nodules or large nodules may cause:

• Difficulty swallowing
• Difficulty breathing
• Voice changes
• Swelling in the throat

When thyroid nodules affect thyroid hormone production, you may notice mood, sleep, and weight changes.

What happens during an evaluation for thyroid nodules?

Your provider conducts a thorough evaluation when you have concerns about thyroid nodules, reviewing your symptoms, medical history, and performing a physical exam.

To determine what type of thyroid nodule you have, they run bloodwork and perform imaging tests, such as an X-ray, CT scan, or ultrasound. These tests are done in-house. In some cases, they may biopsy the thyroid nodule to confirm or rule out a diagnosis. 

What are the treatments for thyroid nodules?

Treatment for thyroid nodules depends on type, size, and symptoms. If you have a benign thyroid nodule and no symptoms, the team at Valdosta Specialty Clinic may recommend monitoring the growth.

If you have symptoms or your thyroid nodule is cancerous, the team may recommend surgery to remove the growth or the gland. 

Call Valdosta Specialty Clinic today to schedule your thyroid nodule consultation, or reach out online.